[Linux] ubuntu 환경에서 7zip 사용하기

개요

ubuntu 환경에서 "*.7z" 압축 파일을 다루기 위하여 "7zip"을 설치하고 활용하는 방법을 정리합니다.

사용환경

• OS : Ubuntu 20.04
• SBC : NVIDIA Jetson AGX ORIN

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7zip 설치하기

"7zip" 패키지는 다음과 같이 설치합니다.

orin@ubuntu:/opt/hunature/flpd$ sudo apt install p7zip-full p7zip-rar
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  p7zip
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  p7zip p7zip-full p7zip-rar
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 125 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,417 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5,624 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal/universe arm64 p7zip arm64 16.02+dfsg-7build1 [317 kB]
Get:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal/universe arm64 p7zip-full arm64 16.02+dfsg-7build1 [1,058 kB]
Get:3 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal/multiverse arm64 p7zip-rar arm64 16.02-3build1 [42.1 kB]
Fetched 1,417 kB in 3s (491 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package p7zip.
(Reading database ... 180105 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../p7zip_16.02+dfsg-7build1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking p7zip (16.02+dfsg-7build1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package p7zip-full.
Preparing to unpack .../p7zip-full_16.02+dfsg-7build1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking p7zip-full (16.02+dfsg-7build1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package p7zip-rar.
Preparing to unpack .../p7zip-rar_16.02-3build1_arm64.deb ...
Unpacking p7zip-rar (16.02-3build1) ...
Setting up p7zip (16.02+dfsg-7build1) ...
Setting up p7zip-full (16.02+dfsg-7build1) ...
Setting up p7zip-rar (16.02-3build1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...

라즈비안 OS에 설치할 때는 "p7zip-rar" 패키지는 지원하지 않으므로, "p7zip-full" 패키지만 설치하면 됩니다.

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"7z" 사용 예시

파일 및 폴더의 압축은 "a" 명령을 이용합니다.

orin@ubuntu:/opt/hunature/flpd$ 7z a ../TrackingTools.7z TrackingTools/

7-Zip [32] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,32 bits,4 CPUs LE)

Scanning the drive:
2 folders, 9 files, 54606 bytes (54 KiB)

Creating archive: ../TrackingTools.7z

Items to compress: 11


Files read from disk: 8
Archive size: 14171 bytes (14 KiB)
Everything is Ok

"-m<압축률 단계>" : 압축률을 조정할 수 있습니다. 압축률 숫자가 클 수록 압축률이 높아지는 대신 CPU 자원 소모량이 커지고 속도가 더 느려집니다.
"-r" : 하위 폴더들을 포함하여 압축합니다.
"-x" : 특정 파일이나 폴더를 제외하여 압축합니다.

# "./myProj" 폴더 아래의 모든 파일들을 최고 압축률로 압축합니다. 압축 시, ".git" 폴더들은 제외합니다.
7z a myProj.7z -m9 -r -x!.git

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압축된 "*.7z" 파일을 해제는 "x" 명령을 이용합니다.

orin@ubuntu:/opt/hunature$ 7z x TrackingTools.7z
7-Zip [32] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,32 bits,4 CPUs LE)

Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file, 14171 bytes (14 KiB)

Extracting archive: TrackingTools.7z
--
Path = TrackingTools.7z
Type = 7z
Physical Size = 14171
Headers Size = 362
Method = LZMA2:16
Solid = +
Blocks = 1

Everything is Ok

Folders: 2
Files: 9
Size:       54606
Compressed: 14171

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"7z" 명령 및 추가 설정

"7z"의 기본 명령은 다음과 같습니다.

  a : Add files to archive
  b : Benchmark
  d : Delete files from archive
  e : Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
  h : Calculate hash values for files
  i : Show information about supported formats
  l : List contents of archive
  rn : Rename files in archive
  t : Test integrity of archive
  u : Update files to archive
  x : eXtract files with full paths

"7z"의 추가 설정은 다음과 같습니다.

  -- : Stop switches parsing
  -ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include archives
  -ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude archives
  -ao{a|s|t|u} : set Overwrite mode
  -an : disable archive_name field
  -bb[0-3] : set output log level
  -bd : disable progress indicator
  -bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : set output stream for output/error/progress line
  -bt : show execution time statistics
  -i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include filenames
  -m{Parameters} : set compression Method
    -mmt[N] : set number of CPU threads
  -o{Directory} : set Output directory
  -p{Password} : set Password
  -r[-|0] : Recurse subdirectories
  -sa{a|e|s} : set Archive name mode
  -scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : set charset for for console input/output
  -scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : set charset for list files
  -scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : set hash function for x, e, h commands
  -sdel : delete files after compression
  -seml[.] : send archive by email
  -sfx[{name}] : Create SFX archive
  -si[{name}] : read data from stdin
  -slp : set Large Pages mode
  -slt : show technical information for l (List) command
  -snh : store hard links as links
  -snl : store symbolic links as links
  -sni : store NT security information
  -sns[-] : store NTFS alternate streams
  -so : write data to stdout
  -spd : disable wildcard matching for file names
  -spe : eliminate duplication of root folder for extract command
  -spf : use fully qualified file paths
  -ssc[-] : set sensitive case mode
  -ssw : compress shared files
  -stl : set archive timestamp from the most recently modified file
  -stm{HexMask} : set CPU thread affinity mask (hexadecimal number)
  -stx{Type} : exclude archive type
  -t{Type} : Set type of archive
  -u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#][!newArchiveName] : Update options
  -v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : Create volumes
  -w[{path}] : assign Work directory. Empty path means a temporary directory
  -x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude filenames
  -y : assume Yes on all queries

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참고자료

• "How to Install 7Zip on Ubuntu 18.04":https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/install-7zip-ubuntu